Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Innovation Trends In The Food Industry The Case of Functional Foods

Question: Talk about the Report on Innovation Trends In The Food Industry for The Case of Functional Foods? Answer: Official Summary The brand FruUgle, was framed after the items that it will sell, which will be natural product that might be depicted as unappealing by stores to sell. It is an online based business serving clients around London until it ventures into another city. The organization's primary objective is a moral one, as its point is to show how Fruit Vegetables are squandered and how less alluring natural product is stayed away from by general stores. A budgetary objective the organization has set, is venturing into new zones, they intend to grow in the third year of the business into Manchester, which accordingly implies it should be very gainful so as to arrive at this. Other than these objectives, the future projections of the business will get beneficial inside the initial a year and to make a benefit of in any event 8,000 after duty, which will be all that could possibly be needed to carry on the business into the subsequent year. Thought and Company Description FruUgle is an online based business work in helping individuals set aside cash by permitting them to buy new products of the soil at a low cost. FruUgle will have the option to give a lower cost to their clients as the produce will be classed as unappealing by general stores. The clients can either purchase the items as an erratic exchange or as a memberships bundle at a somewhat decreased rate.The membership bundle will be conveyed week after week or like clockwork. It will spare their time as they won't need to buy the produce every week. They will at that point convey the item to the client at their soonest comfort. The business will be the main help of this nature in this nation, anyway there two comparable organizations working which are in America. (Flawed, 2016) This is the reason this will speak to cost cognizant purchasers who are searching for a deal. It will moreover draw in shoppers who are searching for items with from a moral perspective as FruUgle would sell merchandise that would regularly be squandered. The administration would contribute in killing food squander which is at present at 6.7 Million tons per year for family unit squander. A large portion of this is avoidable nourishments, for example, potatoes at 359,000 tons and apples likening to 178,000 tons. (Ventour 2008, April (Revised July)) The principle contenders can be gathered into two gatherings, blocks and concrete and right now settled food conveyance organizations; General stores Green Grocers Ranchers markets Leafy foods conveyance organizations They would like to contend with them by offering foods grown from the ground at a lower rate to the client and by being the first in the nation to offer naturally moral new items. The business thought was impacted from an ecological point of view, where the group needed to roll out an improvement to how unappealing foods grown from the ground were squandered where it despite everything has indistinguishable characteristics and taste from an ordinary looking organic product. Industry and Market investigation - Vasyl The subject thought centers around the improvement of administration conveyance arrangement in London for foods grown from the ground. The produce sold will be economical as it will be from nearby markets, for example leafy foods considered as flawed available to be purchased according to their norms. In any case, our customers will have information on one or the other it is the purpose behind the low costs. By the by, despite the fact that our produce will be what the markets for the most part discard, the business will guarantee that they are not a danger to human wellbeing. It will make a stage to rival the stores and others conveyance frameworks, especially because of our low costs. Our clients will make sure about 7-day memberships as a major aspect of the gainfulness system notwithstanding interfacing with other cultivating systems. They will offer the main conveyance for nothing to pull in more clients and make brand devotion. Additionally, guaranteeing the produce is in the c orrect size and has impeccable taste will be a piece of the plan. Industry The business will work in the nourishments business and will concentrate its business procedure on the products of the soil area of the whole nourishments industry. The nourishments business includes various items and administrations conveyed to the clients present in the comparing markets during the way toward conveying the food things. The significant focal point of the business in this industry will convey great quality products of the soil to the clients at low costs with no hurtful consequences for the strength of the clients (Malla, 2013). The leafy foods area of the nourishments business in the United Kingdom includes countless associations working in it and giving a scope of items and administrations to the clients present in the comparing markets. A portion of the store chains working in London are ASDA, Sainsburys, Tesco and Marks Spencer, who give comparative items to the clients. The business will have an upper hand over these huge general store chains in the business in light of the low value contributions for the foods grown from the ground dismissed by the enormous grocery store chains. The foods grown from the ground business in London likewise includes the activities of various other retail locations and wholesalers who give the clients comparable items as the new business (Wyness, 2012). The expansion in the solid way of life patterns of the clients present in the business sectors in London and Manchester, the products of the soil business can anticipate development later on. The residents of the comparing markets are bit by bit following sound ways of life because of increment of familiarity with different maladies and shortcomings because of absence of nutrients and proteins. This permits the products of the soil business to develop alongside the expansion request of the different kinds of vegetables and organic products which are plentiful in different minerals required for a decent wellbeing. Late worries about natural and sanitation in the food business have incited growing excitement for natural nourishments and vegetable age as a particular alternative for standard items and ventures. In addition, as more providers of natural nourishments and vegetables enter the business, it ends up being increasingly forceful and existing producers are required to wind up better apparatuses and methodologies that are progressively effective. Given the method of their subject action, the business will have a higher ground as it will concentrate on a specific arrangement of customers. So the most recent natural pattern in the comparing markets of activity is the utilization of natural food and vegetables. The clients present in the market are by and large favoring natural nourishments and vegetables over the items with counterfeit substance. The most recent business pattern in the relating business depends on the expanding request of the natural nourishments and vegetables, which thusl y causing the associations working in the business to give a wide scope of natural food sources and vegetables to the clients. The policy centered issues engaged with the business activities in the foods grown from the ground business are insignificant as far as their negative impacts on the business. The association working in the relating business needs to follow certain rules and strategies built up by the legislature, in their business tasks of giving the items to the clients present in the comparing markets. Another policy driven issue is the standard of value set by the administration of the relating market and the prerequisite of the business to keep up this base standard of value in their business items and administrations. Potential for improvement lies on the critical complement of the customer. With this produce business, giving the customer what he/she needs, when and how he/she needs more possibilities for flourishing (Yu Nagurney, 2013). Then again, observe that paying little heed to the likelihood that an intrigue exists for the natural items gracefully; there is no balanced explanation behind doing as such except if it occurs for an advantage. Accordingly, successful advertising will depend on after structure up a cautious advancing game plan that structures how to flexibly the produce constantly, dependably and at an advantage. This thus permits the business to have an ideal chance to get a ton of the pieces of the pie by giving a wide scope of natural products of the soil to the clients at low costs. Ecological and Business Trends The associations giving natural foods grown from the ground in the relating markets target different areas of the business sectors to build the opportunity of achievement and to diminish the opposition for the comparing industry activities. The measure of benefit one makes offering nourishments developed starting from the earliest stage to a great extent on where an association decides to put their stand. Everyone needs their produce remain to be evident to the goal people, in a perfect world in a range with stacks of person on foot action. We need those people to buy the blemished create and use the free redemption administrations. Hence, it is a savvy thought to put the stand where people are presently searching for food, for instance, by a grocery store (preferably for this business thought) or a farmer's business area. Additionally, it is essential to put vital thought on building the showcase. It is satisfactory to offer/pass on the produce out of cardboard boxes; be that as it may, one will expect a predominant response from customers in case they put a little effort into how their thing looks. Today, people love great, charming introductions for their food. Run of the mill Buyer - Target Market Understudies The understudies present in the comparing markets can be viewed as the focused on clients for the leafy foods sold by FruUgle because of the low cost of the items alongside not too bad quality. The understudies will favor the items at lower cost in contrast with different brands accessible in the market and the better than average nature of th

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Analysis over a piece of art work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Examination over a bit of fine art - Essay Example prior, all the elephants kicked the bucket in fight and naming the fine art after the general who thought of utilizing the immense creatures is an obvious endeavor of the craftsman to interface her work to such reason. The artist utilized acrylic and coating on metal, making the hues utilized wake up as they have an underlying impact of grabbing the eye of watchers. An elephant could presumably be of no significance to anybody and may very well be seen by creature sweethearts like me nonetheless, Tovar’s Hannibal additionally presents a secretive message that calls the crowd to contemplate concerning why it was made. Normally, elephants have just one shading however Tovar’s elephant has various hues blended everywhere throughout the body of the picture which could be deciphered by watchers in an assortment of ways. For me, I think this variety of hues tells that the support imparted through the fine art is genuine paying little heed to where the elephants are found, regardless of whether in Italy, Africa, Asia or America. Additionally, it could likewise allude to whatever utilization the elephants are utilized, regardless of whether in wars, zoos, or butchered for their ivories, their safeguarding ought to consistently be focused on. Elephants are magnificent creatures which are well known for their cherished tusks, quality and huge size and their number is diminishing constantly in view of flighty killings. Hannibal appears to tell individuals, ‘Hey, take a gander at what you will lose in the event that you continue murdering us’. Tovar’s craftsmanship is an unattached model in an open structure that communicates with the spaces around it. This gives an implicit message of ‘leave me alone’, accepted to be identified with the topic of the workmanship. This and the energetic shades of Hannibal argue people to permit such lovely manifestations live among individuals, in their common environment with the goal that they may likewise appreciate the magnificence of life. It could most likely be difficult to state that we detest or welcome the presence of elephants since they sure assistance people from various perspectives and they are even made as pets in certain nations. In this way, as

Friday, August 21, 2020

Paywalls for Content Monetization A Good Strategy

Paywalls for Content Monetization A Good Strategy Many online content providers struggle to monetize their website traffic. The implementation of paywalls is one strategy they can use to generate revenue. © Shutterstock.com | sadsadangBut what are paywalls and are they a viable strategy for content monetization? This guide will look at the positives and the negatives of using paywalls. We’ll also share tips on how to pick the right strategy for your business.WHAT ARE PAYWALLS?Paywalls are essentially systems which prevent online users from accessing specific website content unless the user pays a fee. A paywall may restrict a specific site, story or publication and there are different levels of restriction in play.Furthermore, the fee is often offered on a subscription basis. For example, you can pay a monthly or an annual fee to access content. But you could also pay a onetime fee for unlimited access to specific content.Paywalls became more popular when print newspapers began to struggle. As readers began flocking online to receive their news, sales of print newspapers began to decline. Furthermore, many newspapers have found advertising revenue slipping away. According to Pew Re search, newspapers lost approximately $30 billion in advertising between 2006 and 2014. Thats why many traditional newspapers began implementing paywalls on their online content, in order to create a second revenue source.The first major newspaper to implement a paywall was The Wall Street Journal all the way back in 1997. It took quite a while before other major newspapers followed suit, but controversy sparked in 2010, when The Times implemented a paywall. The argument at the time was that The Times, a more generalist news provider, would suffer from the paywall, as people would simply go elsewhere to read the news. Furthermore, The New York Times’ decision to use a paywall in 2011 was met with skepticism as well.Since then, many major news organizations and magazines have experimented with paywalls. There have been some success stories, while other organizations have changed or rolled back on their original paywall ideas. The discussions around paywalls have nonetheless remaine d heated.Here’s media mogul Rupert Murdoch’s take on paywalls: The difference between ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ paywallsWhen it comes to paywalls, the distinction between ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ systems is important to understand. As mentioned above, not all paywalls use a similar structure and the differences can be important when pondering over the effectiveness of this strategy.The difference between ‘soft’ and ‘hard’ paywalls is as straightforward as the names might suggest.‘Soft’ paywall is a flexible system, where the user can view certain content without subscription. This could be a selection of free content throughout the website or the ability to view a limited amount of content free per month.‘Hard’ paywall, on the other hand, means users are unable to read any content on the site without a subscription.A majority of newspapers tend to opt for different types of ‘soft’ paywalls. On the contrary, many scientific publications often don’t allow ac cess to the content without a subscription. As an example, the New York Times uses the ‘soft’ paywall model, which allows users to view 10 articles for free. After that, they need to pay for additional content. The Times is one of the few newspapers, which implemented the ‘hard’ paywall, and the paper is still using this model.THE UPSIDE OF USING PAYWALLSUsing paywalls can provide organizations plenty of benefits. The most obvious upsides to using paywalls are listed below.Readers perceive the content as high-qualityHaving the content behind a paywall naturally adds an element of quality to the content. If I have to pay for it, it must be good, thats what many people think.When you use a paywall as a strategy, you need to ensure you offer something that readers cannot get for free. Newspapers often produce informed opinions, unusual stories and engaging arguments to provide readers a unique experience. Having limited access to information adds prestige to the content in a wa y free access doesn’t.Therefore, a paywall differentiates websites from pure click bait sites. This is another way you can add prestige to the content and the brand. Being hit by a paywall tells the user the content is meant to provide a unique and informative experience, instead of being put out there to attract clicks for the website.In return, the extra revenue can be used to improve quality. Since the paywall provides a revenue stream for the organization, the business doesn’t have to focus all of its efforts on attracting advertisers.Whilst newspapers were afraid to lose out on readers after implementing paywalls, quite the opposite has been true in the industry. In fact, some newspapers achieved their first rise in circulation after paywall introduction.Subscriptions provide regular revenuePaywalls provide organizations with a regular revenue stream in the form of subscriptions. There are a number of examples that show the successes of using paywalls.One example is the New York Times. Prior to establishing a paywall, the newspaper’s revenue ratio was 80-20. That means, the paper had 80% of its revenue was coming in from advertising, only 20% came from its readers. Hence, the paper had to focus much of its energy on ensuring advertisers are happy and continue advertising with the paper.After it began using a paywall system, the ratio changed dramatically. The paper now generates 53 cents from readers for every 47 cents it gets from advertisers.  Moreover, the customer influences the way how the organization creates content. That leads to more high-quality content, which attracts more paying customers.The increasing subscription base has provided additional revenue to many news organizations that were previously struggling. For example, the Gannett Company, which owns publications such as the USA Today, added $100 million to its operating income through digital subscriptions in 2013.Furthermore, having a paywall means you have a qualified audience fo r your content. This means the person, who’s willing to pay a certain amount of money to read your content, is an attractive target for advertisers. Organizations with paywalls can charge more for ads, since their audience isn’t just browsing through the content, but more likely to engage with it and any appropriate advertising.The extra revenue stream paywalls provide is especially important at a time when traditional print channels are disintegrating. Studies have shown the new generation of consumers is more willing to pay for content, especially on mobile devices. Hence, subscription models aren’t something consumers are automatically afraid of.Restricted access supports community buildingFinally, paywalls are a way to build a loyal community â€" which will generate steady revenue. Users who have paid their subscriptions tend to want to get their money’s worth. Therefore, they are likely to consume as much content on your site as possible to feel they aren’t paying the fee for nothing.This creates a loyal audience, which can help you to reach out to other potential customers. Users can tell their friends and family about the site and its benefits. In addition, they continue spending time on the site, engaging with it and other users, for example by commenting on news articles.A paywall can create a sense of community. Not everyone will be able to access the information on the site and this adds to the prestige, but also creates a sense of being part of a closed group.THE DOWNSIDE OF USING PAYWALLSDespite the above success stories, paywalls come with certain risks as well. Organizations that are thinking of implementing a paywall must consider the following downsides.Website must offer high qualityMedia and especially news organizations are currently in a revenue crisis. While the explosion of the Internet and the introduction of social media have led to increasing availability of information, it has also increased competition when it comes to tel ling those stories. When major newspapers announced plans to implement paywalls, there was the concern that people would simply go elsewhere to read their news.For example, after the New York Times implemented its paywall, it lost 10% of its readers in two years. The Times suffered bigger losses, losing 4 million readers after the implementation of the paywall. This amounted to over 60% of its readers.The problem for the above publications was the so-called generic content its site featured. Behind the paywall, organizations must offer something unique or different, otherwise the users will simply look for similar content elsewhere. In today’s web, the competition is tough, as clicks matter and many sites provide all sorts of content simply to lure in users. Hence, if a site implements a paywall, but cannot provide the expected quality, readers will move on.Whilst organizations can compete against free sites with quality content, the ability to provide this content isn’t straigh tforward â€" or free. Higher quality comes at higher costs. For example, higher quality journalism takes more time, it requires more investigative powers and so the costs of writing an in-depth piece mount up. A company implementing a paywall must be prepared to invest in higher quality as well.Attracting advertising can be more difficultAlthough paywalls can provide the organization with a steady revenue stream with subscriptions, advertising revenue can decline as a result. Depending on how successful the company is in balancing this loss of revenue with the new model of revenue, companies can find themselves struggling financially.Free sites have found how beneficial increased web traffic can be for attracting advertisers. While advertisers might find the defined target markets of organizations using paywalls potentially viable, a site with tons of traffic will provide advertisers with enhanced visibility online.Buzzfeed is a great example of a site providing free content. Buzzfe ed doesn’t even need to run traditional ads on the site, as it has found a way to tie in the advertisement into its content. TechCrunch’s Josh Constine reported in 2014,“Native ads have helped monetize otherwise free content mediums and could be critical to the future of journalism, even if they’re meant to fool people”.Nevertheless, the loss of advertising revenue depends highly on the primary goal of the advertiser. If they are looking for a mass audience, a paywall obviously becomes a problem, as visibility is restricted. On the other hand, advertisers with a niche target could benefit from the paywall.The ability to build in backlinks will be limitedIn the era of social media, online users love to share content with each other. When you read a nice story or watch a funny video, most people instantly want to share it with friends and family. Moreover, authors writing articles online may want to link to your page as a source. The problem with paywalls is that it prevents this social aspect of consuming content.Sharing the story will become difficult, as only people who are also subscribing to the service will be able to read it. This can discourage users from clicking the share button and even drive them to search for the same piece of content elsewhere.This has another consequence, which can even affect the organizations effort to improve search engine optimisation (SEO). The ability to build backlinks to your content becomes limited and thus this crucial part of SEO strategy becomes unattainable.Tougher security measurements will be neededPaywalls are not a fool proof way to prevent people from accessing the content. In fact, its not too difficult to hack a paywall.If you invest in a paywall, only to have your readers work around it illegally, you’ve ended up spending money for nothing. Readers who initially subscribed to the paid service might find themselves cheated, if they later realize the content would have been available for free if only for a few tricks.In addition, creating a paywall means you are gathering data about your customers, which brings another challenge â€" and costs. Keeping sensitive data, such as user login information and credit card details safe will add another cost to implementing a paywall.Therefore, you must ensure the paywall is secure for two reasons. First, to ensure it can’t simply be hacked and thus become irrelevant. Second, you need to secure the information your users provide to you in order to keep the sensitive data secure.SELECTING THE RIGHT STRATEGYSince the use of paywalls for content monetization has pros and cons, devising the right strategy is a crucial part of success. Deciding whether to use paywalls isn’t just a simple ‘yes’ or ‘no’ answer, as there are plenty of things your organization must consider before coming to a definite conclusion.If you are unsure whether to use this strategy, here are some important steps to consider when implementing a paywall.Step 1: Understand where your revenue comes fromFirst, you need to have a good understanding of your business model. Essentially the effectiveness of paywalls comes down to the type of business you are running. You need to consider the issue by looking at the different aspects of your business:Who is your audience? As the examples have shown, organizations with a niche audience, such as the Economist and the Wall Street Journal, have been much more successful in using paywalls for content monetization than broader newspapers such as the Times. If your organization has a special niche, whether it is food or gardening, the monetization might be simpler. This is because the content you create is already more directed to a specific audience. With a narrow niche, it can be easier to attract readers with unique content, which they won’t be able to find elsewhere.What are your revenue sources? Examine your organizations current revenue sources to see whether a paywall is viable. If you rely hea vily on advertising, you could potentially damage your revenue stream drastically by implementing your paywall. On the other hand, if your revenue already comes mainly from users, a subscription model might be a viable alternative. Especially, if it means you can offer something extra to your users for subscribing,Step 2: Identify what customers are willing to pay forFurthermore, you need to identify what you can monetize with a paywall. It isn’t enough to have a business model well suited for paywalls; the content must stand out enough for customers to be willing to pay for it.This means that even if you have a niche audience, such as pet owners, you don’t necessarily have the content customers are willing to pay for. Therefore, you must:Ask yourself what differentiates the content from other sites operating in the area? This could be something like your organization has more in-depth information from vets regarding pet health.Define the reasons users would want to pay for the unique content. As an example, you might offer subscribers the ability to ask questions directly to leading vets.Step 3: Consider the trade-off: advertisement revenue vs. subscriptionsFinally, you need to consider the trade-off of implementing a paywall. If you are likely to lose other revenue sources because of implementing a paywall (for example, advertisement revenues), will the revenue from subscriptions be enough to offset the loss? Furthermore, you might initially see a drop in revenue before you are able to attract a sustainable number of subscriptions. Can your business handle this initial drop? Moreover, do you have a strategy for removing the paywall if it doesn’t work out?Step 4: Pick the right strategy with the above in mindThe answer to the question whether or not you should implement paywall mainly depends on your current revenue streams and costs. Are you depending on advertisements and if yes, would you be able to keep them up when implementing a paywall? Is your c ontent high quality and if not, would you be able to bring it to the required level? Do you have the money to pay for enhanced security?Once you’ve examined your business needs, you should think about the right model. The most common paywall strategies are:‘Hard’ paywalls â€" the content on your site is strictly limited to subscription only.Metered access paywalls (‘Soft’ paywalls) â€" the content on your site is free with a specific limit, after which a subscription is required.Freemium (‘Soft’ paywalls) â€" the content on your site is divided into free and paid content.As with most things in business, the right strategy depends on your specific business and its audience. You need to evaluate the pros and cons of using a paywall through the lens of your business profile and content to find out whether a paywall could boost your revenue stream.

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Wto Wto ( Wto ) - 1999 Words

In December 2013, 159 members of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) adopted the Bali Agreement. The Agreement contained measures to streamline trade, provide more options for food security and boost trade in developing countries. This essay will critically analyse the WTO Doha Round of Negotiations, its attributes if any and failures to liberation of trade in agricultural products specifically subsidies, services and the protection of intellectual property rights. It will argue that to a large extent the question is true, that the Bali Agreement in December 2013 was only a modest development towards the liberation of world trade in so far that the WTO Doha Round of Negotiations has so far failed to reform WTO law for further liberalization†¦show more content†¦Agricultural reforms are set out in Paragraph 13 and 14 of the Doha declaration members commit to negotiations at ‘substantial improvement in market access’, reduction of with a view to phasing out, all f orms of export subsidies’ and ‘substantial reduction in trade-distorting domestic support’. According to Trebilcock et al, the members agreed that special and differential treatment for developing countries shall be an integral part of all elements of the negotiations †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.to enable developing countries to effectively take account of their development needs including food securities and rural development. In the Doha Round of Negotiations in July 2008 a draft of modalities was proposed which included commitments to eliminate export subsidies by the end of 2013, with extra time allocated to developing countries. However ministers failed to agree on modalities as a result of disagreements over a Special Safeguard Mechanism for developing countries in Agriculture. The WTO laws for further liberalization of trade in agricultural products, textiles, clothing, anti-dumping duties and safe guard measures was to address negative discrimination against developing countries a hallmark of GATT history, not much has been achieved since the agreement came into force. It can be said thatShow MoreRelatedWto Is Unfair1818 Words   |  8 PagesThe WTO unfairly benefits the developed countries and contributes to the exploitation of developing countries. Its structure should therefore be altered radically, or the WTO should be abolished altogether. In their argument, Jerry Milligan and Andriy Kabanets argue that, the WTO is fair towards developing countries and even benefits them. Additionally Mr. Milligan and Mr. Kabanets argue that the WTO, solves problems that otherwise would exist without the WTO and does not create newRead MoreWTO Essay792 Words   |  4 PagesWTO What is the WTO and what exactly do they do? This is the question that I was hoping to answer in this paper. In a world of turbulent econmic conditions it is important to no which organizations are responsible for what changes take place. There are many different organizations that affect many different things in our society and the global society and the WTO is one of them. The WTO is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nationsRead MoreWto and India8311 Words   |  34 PagesMulticultural Trade Negotiations brought the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on 1 January 1995. According to Article III.3 of the WTO Agreement, dispute settlement is one of the key functions of the WTO, The rules of the mechanism are laid down in detail in the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes in short: (Dispute Settlement Understanding; DSU) in Annex 2 of the WTO Agreement. The DSU has both incorporated the inherited concept of GATT Dispute settlementRead MoreWto As An International Institution1561 Words   |  7 PagesHowever, WTO as an international institution is still a good idea. WTO seems to be important for developing economies in some reasons. First, as the weaker part in organizations, developing countries benefited from unilateral trade actions of United States and Europe. Second, WTO help developing countries to advance agriculture liberali zation. As we know that agriculture is the most important thing for developing economies to raise its economy and reach more gain from trade. Third, the new open sectorsRead MoreWto Mission Statement1397 Words   |  6 PagesWorld Trade Organization (WTO) WTO mission statement The World Trade Organization — the WTO — is the international organization whose primary purpose is to open trade for the benefit of all. (About the WTO — a statement by the Director-General, 2012) The WTO has existed under its current name since 1995. (About the WTO — a statement by the Director-General, 2012) The following analysis discusses the period from 1995 to the current time, but focuses on the last 10 years. FurtherRead MoreIntroduction Of Gatt And The Wto972 Words   |  4 PagesTrade prior to the introduction of GATT and the WTO had many shortfalls. There was an ongoing disgruntlement between countries that were developed and countries that were not, and their ability to trade with each other. In order to remedy this, the GATT was introduced. After the GATT had its run, the WTO was created to replace and improve off of what was previously in place. That being said, the WTO, too, had its tribulations. Before the World Trade Organization was created, in-developed countriesRead MoreThe 10 Benefits of the Wto1086 Words   |  5 Pagesconstructively More trade means more possibilities for disputes to arise. But in reality, a lot of international trade tension is reduced because countries can turn to organizations to settle their trade disputes. When they bring disputes to the WTO, the WTO s procedure focuses their attention on the rules then countries concentrate on trying to comply with the rules. There is a clear basis for judging who is right or wrong. The increasing number of disputes reflects the closer economic ties throughoutRead MoreChinas Membership Of Wto1447 Words   |  6 PagesOrganization(WTO). In accordance with WTO rules, which will ensure the integration of China into the world economy in addition to offering a more predictable environment for trade and foreign investment, China equally agreed to undertake a series of significant commitments that will not only open its economy but will also liberalize its regime. In this paper, I will examine the impact of China’s membership of WTO. A fundamental premise to begin this analysis is to examine why China needs WTO. ChinaRead MoreWTO and Health Essay913 Words   |  4 PagesWTO and Health Food, human health and general safety threatened One of the negative aspects that accompanies the WTO is that it threatens food security and sovereignty. Agreements that give governments the right to protect human, animal, plant life and health are to a certain degree handcuffed by the presence of the WTO. Here the organization acts as to stop governments from using such protection needs to further use such policies to protect domestic producers and thatRead MoreAn Analysis of the Wto Communication1339 Words   |  6 PagesAn analysis of the WTO communication ABSTRACT Habermas has defined the relationship between public sphere and public opinion as â€Å"network for communicating information and points of view . . . the streams of communication are, in the process, filtered and synthesized in such a way that they coalesce into bundles of topically specified public opinions.† The report, based on Habermas’s theory of public sphere and public opinion, and with the Doha Round of trade talks as a case study, provides an

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Pete Rose in the Hall of Fame Essay - 995 Words

Pete Rose in the Hall of Fame To some, including myself, baseball is the greatest sport that has ever been played. It is a game played by two opposing teams made of multiple players, but only nine players per team play at the same time. To be part of one of the thirty teams that get to play professional baseball, a player has to play the game extremely well (www.baseballhalloffame.com). When a player plays the game better than most have played he gets rewarded, usually with lots of money in a big contract. Then there are those rare players, the 244 elite players of the game that have already been inducted into the Hall of Fame. Being inducted in the Hall of Fame is the utmost of baseball fame. The players listed are remembered forever.†¦show more content†¦He did not report cash money he accepted for signing baseballs and photographs at baseball card shows (Reston 1997). It is still to this day not proven that Rose did bet on the baseball team that he was managing. Rose himself still holds true to his st atement that he never bet on the game of baseball. Evidence is minimal and it has been over ten years, yet he is still ineligible to be voted into the Hall of Fame. If it was left up to his statistics, he should have been inducted years ago. There are a handful of the 244 elites that are in the Hall of Fame that did far worse things than gamble on the game of baseball or evade paying their taxes. For instance, the beloved Ty Cobb was a horrible racist and once admitted killing a man. One day while walking in Detroit, he stepped in freshly poured asphalt. Then a construction worker, named Fred Collins, who just happened to be black, yelled at him. Cobb responded by slapping Collins to the ground. Cobb was found guilty by the courts, and received a suspended sentence. Collins filed a civil suit, but settled out of court for $75. Ty Cobb had to deal with the law in one form or another many different times for striking black men (www.totalbaseball.com). The powers that run the baseball organization seem to turn their eyes, quite conveniently, away from any number of wife-beaters, and drug addicts everyday. They let known, proven criminalsShow MoreRelatedPete Rose And The Hall Of Fame895 Words   |  4 PagesMy controversial topic is on Pete Rose and how he should be inducted into Baseball’s Hall of Fame. Pete Rose was a player that I looked up to when I was a young boy playing baseball. I was a big fan of his collecting all of his baseball cards from rookie year up to the present time. Now, most of the baseball critics and others do not want Pete Rose inducted. They claim that his illegal betting on baseball games should keep him out of the Hall of Fame. Almost all of the highly questionable evidenceRead MorePete Rose Should Be Allowed Into the Hall of Fame991 Words   |  4 PagesReds fan mind is why Pete Rose should be allowed into the Hall of Fame? Most players that have been inducted in the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame such as, Nolan Ryan, Tom Seaver, and everyone else were inducted for their pitching or baseball playing ability. Therefore, the main idea of being accepted into the Hall of Fame would be how well each player performed on the field during their career. When the baseball commissioner in 1989 Bart Giamatti barred Pete Rose from baseball after anRead MoreThe Pete Rose : The Major League Baseball Hall Of Fame1548 Words   |  7 PagesThe Pete Rose Dilemma â€Å"Does Pete Rose belong in the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame?† This is a question that is debated among many pundits for a number of decades. Rose is undeniably one of the best hitters in the game of baseball. Twenty plus years ago, however, he was banned from the game due to the gambling allegations made against him. â€Å"Outside of baseball and my family, nothing has ever given me the pleasure, relaxation, or excitement that I got from gambling. Gambling provided an escapeRead More Supporting Ban on Pete Rose from Baseball Hall of Fame Essay2232 Words   |  9 Pagesrules and regulations which should be followed and enforced. The Baseball Hall of Fame honors persons who have excelled in playing, managing, and serving the sport. Having ten years of experience in the game and five years of retirement players who pass a screening committee become eligible to be voted into the Hall of Fame. The main discussion now is whether or not to allow Pete Rose into the Baseball Hall of Fame, after betting on baseball while he was a player and manager of the CincinnatiRead MorePete Rose Baseball Scandal Essay1576 Words   |  7 Pages1980’s Pete Rose betting scandal. Aside from the public humiliation he brought his family and the Cincinnati Reds, nothing has done more to hurt Pete Rose than his lifetime ban from baseball making him ineligible for hall of fame. While many are for and against putting Pete Rose in the hall of fame, the four ethical theories, Kantianism, Utilitarianism, Egoism, and Ethical Realism, each have their own unique answer to the question. Through Kantianism Pete Rose should be inducted into the hall of fameRead MoreThe Baseball Hall Of Fame1174 Words   |  5 Pagescommunity as one of the game’s biggest icons, Pete Rose, agreed to permanent ineligibility from major league baseball activities for betting on his own team as both a player and m anager. As a result, he was also banned for life from the Baseball Hall of Fame. A month ago, in September 2015, MLB’s all-time hits leader met with the commissioner of baseball, Rob Manfred, regarding the possibility of being granted induction into the Baseball Hall of Fame. This has once again sparked debate and dividesRead More A Rose in the Hall Essays1080 Words   |  5 PagesA Rose in the Hall In 1989 Pete Rose, one of baseball’s greatest, lost all the respect he had gain in his successful career. That year, the league had brought to there attention that Pete Rose was a chronic gambler. Eventually Pete Rose ended up being banned from baseball. Now he wants a chance for a spot in the Hall of Fame, a place for baseball’s greatest. The question of whether or not Pete Rose should be accepted into the Hall of Fame has been a source of great controversyRead MoreBaseball in America Essay1555 Words   |  7 Pageslarge cities in the eastern United States had a professional baseball team. Theres been many different things in the past and current history that has impact baseball majorly. Some of them are Pete Rose when he bet on games back in 1983, The 1994 Baseball Strike, and the usage of steroids or PEDs. Pete Rose was born in 1941 in Cincinnati, Ohio and while he was growing up a young kid he cheered for the hometown team which was the Cincinnati Reds. Once he retired from the game of baseball in 1986 heRead More Pete Rose Essay1970 Words   |  8 Pages Pete Rose Bart Giamatti’s decision to ban Pete Rose from the Baseball Hall of Fame was not a fair decision at all. Pete Rose was placed on Baseball’s ineligible list in 1989 when commissioner of baseball, Bart Giamatti concluded that Rose had bet on baseball games, including games involving his own team, the Cincinnati Reds. In an agreement made with Baseball, Rose accepted his banishment from the sport. Although he never admitted to having gambled on baseball games (Maury). Pete Rose was aRead MorePete Rose Psychology Personality1607 Words   |  7 Pages Publisher: Rodale Books Copyright: 2004 Pete Rose was born on April 14, 1941 and grew up in Cincinnati, Ohio with his parents Harry and LaVerne Rose. His father Harry could be described as hard-working, tough, and hard-nosed, especially when it came to sports. Harry played semi-pro football and always pushed Pete to give 110% at all times. This attitude and effort that Pete was exposed to growing up with a man like Harry stuck with Pete his entire life and as a result he earned the nickname â€Å"Charlie

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Essay Chapter 1 - 1029 Words

â€Å"What’s her name?† Coulson asked, clutching his case close to him. Director Fury set down another file on the table, Maria quickly snatching it up. â€Å"Diana Batteux. Goes by the name Voyant.† Fury leaned back in his chair. â€Å"From France, twenty-four years of age, sentenced in juvenile detention when she was sixteen for hacking into French federal files concerning one ‘Amà ©lie Lacroix’. She got off with twelve months instead of five years due to blackmail of the judge and over half of the jury.† Maria scoffed and passed the file to Coulson. â€Å"She’s good.† â€Å"Yes, she is. That’s why we need her.† â€Å"We have teams of hackers, including at least two on the Avengers team. Why do we need her?† Maria furrowed her eyebrows, crossing her arms. â€Å"Because†¦show more content†¦Qua til dit?† â€Å"Il a dit de le rencontrer dans la cathà ©drale à   trois heures de laprà ¨s-midi.† *** Diana watched the cathedral from a nearby rooftop with a pair of binoculars out. No one out of the ordinary had entered or exited. However, at three pm sharp, a man in a black trenchcoat entered. She noticed dark blurs moving across opposite rooftops, making her frown: they had guns. â€Å"Obviously modified.. Hydra enhanced weapons, looks like.† She mumbled to herself. â€Å"Hydra operatives, maybe. That looked like Fury, though.† She folded the binoculars up and put it in her bag. She grabbed onto the rope going down the building, climbing down. Diana landed with a quiet thud. She held her hand on her revolver, effectively passing it off as holding her thigh. â€Å"There’s no need for that, Miss Batteux.† A voice boomed as she entered the cathedral. â€Å"Director Fury..† Diana raised an eyebrow. â€Å"I did not think I would be seeing you quite so soon.† â€Å"Well, things change.† Fury stepped out a dark corner. â€Å"Always the mysterious.† She smirked, walking towards him. â€Å"You know me so well.† He said mockingly. â€Å"I need your help, Diana. The Avengers need your help.† â€Å"The Avengers don’t need me, Director.† â€Å"They don’t know it yet, but they do.† Fury stated quite simply. â€Å"There’s a storm brewing. I assume you know about the loss of Loki’s-† â€Å"Scepter, yes.† She finished for him. â€Å"The Avengers have been reckless in their searches. It’s all over the web.† He gave her aShow MoreRelatedChapter Essay : Chapter 1877 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"We can’t let the people know of this attack,† Queen Elara hisses. â€Å"Our people can’t know that the Scarlet Guard is getting stronger with each passing day and that they have reached the palace walls. We cannot let Reds have faith that they will ever be equals with Silvers.† â€Å"What about Queenstrial? This situation isn’t going to get in the way of that, right?† There is no way that this minor bombing is going to stop Queenstrial from happening. â€Å"No, Queenstrial is still on. In fact, we could use QueenstrialRead MoreEssay 1 Chapter 1733 Words   |  3 Pagesâ€Å"The vest protected you from the brunt of the stun attacks, but I wish Dr. Torance were here to give you a full medical scan, plus a nanite injection for your head wounds and the effects of the cuffs.† She ripped open a packet of NewSkin gloves, tossed them at Mark. â€Å"Put these on while I get a GelPack for your face.† Her hands felt light as falling snow as she applied surgical glue to his lip and salves to his face. Eva’s hands lingered on his shoulder, her eyes showed genuine concern. â€Å"Sure youRead MoreEssay 1 Chapter 11164 Words   |  5 PagesFelicia showed up right after Jensen left the next day. She had a small wagon hitched up to her horse. Jared had picked out a downstairs bedroom that was fitting for her station. They unloaded the wagon together. â€Å"You have an incredible amount of possessions.† â€Å"I’m omega and a hoarder,† Felicia said smiling at Jared. After unloading, Jared took the horse and wagon to the barn. Jensen greeted him. â€Å"So she’s here?† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Remember; we stand united. Felicia is the hired help. You’re my omega.† JensenRead MoreEssay 1 Chapter 1808 Words   |  4 PagesIt was in the midst of one of the towns’ most vibrant dance ceremony that my associate, Mr Olak, paused and began to approach me with utmost inscrutable countenance. He stared at me for a moment, hesitating; and when he moved his lips to tell me about that one thing the people of this town feared that most, the one thing the people of this town were defenceless against, I began to panic. Before I could reassure anyone, the people amongst the ceremony had already begun to spread the news; they knewRead MoreChapter 1 Essays896 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Chapter 1: Mesopotamia 1. In the Neolithic era, about 8000 B.C., a new civilization and culture developed. The reason for this development was the change to hunting and gathering to cultivation of agriculture that permitted man to settle down permanently ending nomadic existence. 2. The Sumerians invented the first written language called Cuneiform. 3. Polytheistic Religion is the belief in many Gods. 4. Epic of Gilgamesh was the first literary story with a protagonist with a name andRead MoreEssay On Chapter 1909 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom a person his size would definitely put her out of action, but she knew he wouldn’t get too far. Taking a look at the ground, his blood painted. Dorian was crouched down to Malessica, whispering to her as she tried to break free. â€Å"Malessica don’t reply back to me.† Dorian whispered. â€Å"I figured out one of her weaknesses.† Malessica remained quiet, struggling to free herself, though she genuinely was surprised to hear Dorian figure out her ability so fast. Epsilon was gasping for air, continuingRead MoreEssay : Chapter 11159 Words   |  5 PagesWith a pair of concerned eyes, Aveline stares at everyone around the stone table in Varrics office. â€Å"Everyones here, good. I asked all to come so I can have a word or two about someone.† Aveline pronounced while crossing her arms and leaning back in the chair. â€Å"We all know whats that about Aveline,† Varric took his mug of ale and drink looking back at her. â€Å"Youre worried about Hawke, everyone is.† Anders shook his head and interlaced his fingers over the table.â€Å"Shes changed. And Im not sureRead MoreChapter 1 Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesWhat’s in a Name? It was time. Eight o’clock in the morning, the right time for a crime. As Meg and Ben approached the door they pulled their disguises on and scanned the surrounding gate. With no guards in sight they went through the underground network of tunnels as planned. They were under the FBI headquarters. â€Å"We are going to clear our names once and for all.† Ben said. Climbing up a ladder, the ended up in the mail room just as planned. They would sneak onto the data base and clear their namesRead MoreChapter 1 Essay1283 Words   |  6 PagesOther than Kelt’s genuine concern for my safety, I’d just messed up his day, and his safe passage record. I carefully presented him with the remainder of the AirPed. â€Å"You’ll need this for your report. Log it as a criminal pursuit and I’ll countersign it when it hits my office. The way I see it, you did everything you could to prevent this. You’ve no blame here, and that’s what my report will say.† He took charge of the AirPed, avoiding the razor-sharp edges left by the Interface. â€Å"Thanks, SheriffRead MoreEssay : Chapter 1845 Words   |  4 PagesMalessica smiled, keeping up with the damage. Sylvia managed to land down on the ground, raising her hands up. Getting closer to Sylvia, they noticed they had moved far away from the research center, seeing it in the distance. Something didn’t feel right to the both of them. Dorian wouldn’t believe she’d be giving up so easily. Sylvia kept her hands up, turning around to face them with a sinister smile smeared on her face. Her aura intensified creating a force strong enough for Dorian and Malessica

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Tonight, The Stars Revolt!(1999) by Powerman 5000 free essay sample

Powerman 5000 is a childhood favorite of mine having discovered them from Super Monkey Ball compilations and thought that the song that played in one of the videos was cool and checked it out. These guys are a nu metal/industrial metal band and they add their own comedic twist to the genres. So far they have released mine albums in the span of about twenty-five years with the first three having very much the same track listings. This is their first breakthrough as far as Im concerned. With the inclusion of thirteen tracks in under forty minutes, this may seem a little surprising. Whats even more surprising is the fact that it feels even shorter. Most of these tracks are 2:30 to three minutes and two of there are transitions, System 11:11 and An Eye Is Upon You. The first song Ive ever listened to from these guys was from this album and also one of their most popular songs, When Worlds Collide, the third track in the album. We will write a custom essay sample on Tonight, The Stars Revolt!(1999) by Powerman 5000 or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There is also a guest vocalist in the track Blast Off To Nowhere, Rob Zombie, and for the longest time I knew that was someone else, O just never knew who. Im also impartial to songs like Nobodys Real, Supernova (Goes Pop), Operate Annihilate and the jazz track, Watch The Sky For Me as it makes a great ending to an otherwise, heavy and kind of chaotic album. I also like the style of the artwork as its very much what I would picture of space travel to look like if it were the 60s or 70s. It isnt too hard too follow either as the concept is mishaps in space and keeps that theme rolling. If there was one problem I do have it would be to maybe make the tracks longer, I dont mind short tracks, but I would rather listen to grindcore if I want 300 songs less than two-three minutes. Same goes with long, epics, I wouldnt mind them in moderation or in the right premise. I do recommend to check it out however, as well as the band itself. I give this a 9/10. I am the Grim Reaper, signing off.

Saturday, April 4, 2020

Trisomy 21 Down Syndrome Essay Example For Students

Trisomy 21 Down Syndrome Essay Trisomy 21 is caused, as the name suggests, by the triplication of the 21st chromosome. Genes which, simplified, contain the blueprints for our cellular structure, are grouped along rod-like structures called chromosomes. Normally, the nucleus of each cell contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, half of which are inherited from each parent. In Down syndrome (DS), however, the cells usually contain not 46, but 47 chromosomes. This excess genetic material, in the form of additional genes along the 21st chromosome, results in DS. The estimated incidence of Down syndrome is between 1 in 1,000 to 1 in 1,100 live births. Each year approximately 3,000 to 5,000 children are born with this chromosome disorder. It is believed there are about 250,000 families in the United States who are affected by DS. (Berg, 614) Discussed in this paper will be a more detailed description of the pathophysiology of Down syndrome, as well as the discovery, possible causes, physical features, associated conditions, possible treatment, electroneurodiagnostic corollaries, and psychosocial issues. Down syndrome or Trisomy 21 has been alluded to in art, literature and science for centuries. One of the more interesting of these is the Changeling in Gaelic myth. We will write a custom essay on Trisomy 21 Down Syndrome specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now It was believed that when a child was born with the dysmorphic characteristics now associated with DS i.e. epicanthal folds, simian creases, small ears etc., an elf or evil spirit had replaced the infant that was meant to be theirs with the offspring of a mischievous creature. However, it wasnt until 1866, that a physician named John Langdon Down published an essay in England in which he described a set of children with common features who were distinct from other children with mental retardation. Down was superintendent of an asylum for children with mental retardation in Surrey, England when he made the first distinction between children who were cretins (later to be found to have hypothyroidism) and what he referred to as Mongoloids. Down based this unfortunate name on his notion that these children looked like people from Mongolia, who were thought then to have an arrested development. This ethnic insult came under fire in the 1960s from Asian genetic researchers, and the term was dropped from scientific use. Instead, the condition became called Downs syndrome. In the 1970s, an American revision of scientific terms changed it simply to Down syndrome, due to the insinuation of ownership caused by the possessive apostrophe, although it is still called Downs in Europe. The causes of DS were much speculated over during the first part of the twentieth century. The first to speculate that Down syndrome might be chromosomal in nature were Waardenberg and Bleyer during the 1930s. However it wasnt until 1959 that Jerome Lejeune and Patricia Jacobs, working independently, first determined the cause to be trisomy (triplication) of the 21st chromosome. To understand the pathophyisology of Trisomy 21 you must first understand the basic structure of chromosomes. Chromosomes are thread-like structures composed of DNA and other proteins. They are present in every cell of the body and carry the genetic information needed for that cell to develop. Genes, which are units of information, are encoded in the DNA. Human cells normally have 46 chromosomes, which can be arranged in 23 pairs. Of these 23, 22 are alike in males and females; these are called the autosomes. The 23rd pair are the sex chromosomes (X and Y). Each member of a pair of chromosomes carries the same information, in that the same genes are in the same spots on the chromosome. However, variations of that gene (alleles) may be present. (Example: the genetic information for eye color is a gene; the variations for blue, green, etc. are the alleles. .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 , .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 .postImageUrl , .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 , .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952:hover , .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952:visited , .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952:active { border:0!important; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952:active , .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952 .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uae77199ac9d00f2b3268239334c34952:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: April, 1985 and we were driving away from civilization towards the untamed, natural and beautiful Essay) Human cells divide in two ways. The first is ordinary cell division (mitosis), by which the body grows. In this method, one cell becomes two cells, which have the exact same number and type of chromosomes as the parent cell. The second method of cell division occurs in the ovaries and testicles (meiosis) and consists of one cell splitting into two, with the resulting cells having half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell. So, normal eggs and sperm cells only have 23 chromosomes instead of .

Sunday, March 8, 2020

How to Answer Situational Interview Questions

How to Answer Situational Interview Questions In a job interview, you’re thoroughly prepared for the standard questions about your skills and your work history. You’ve got anecdotes that show off your leadership skills or your communication skills. Smooth sailing, right? Sure, until you get a question that’s a little off the map: â€Å"Here’s the situation. You have an angry client on the phone, an urgent email demanding your attention, and the fire alarm is going off. How do you handle this?† The answer to that question isn’t in your resume (at least not obviously so). It’s not one of the stories you rehearsed in your bathroom mirror this morning. So what does this kind of question achieve, and how do you tackle it?Situational interview questions are popular with interviewers because they unearth two immediate things about the interviewee:How quickly he or she thinks on their feet.How he or she approaches problem solving.These are interview skills that you can’t necessaril y drill ahead of time, without knowing the specifics of what the interviewer is going to ask. But we will walk through ways to recognize situational questions right away, and how to approach these questions on the spot.Situational vs. BehavioralSituational interview questions are slightly different from that other popular interview question type, the behavioral interview question. Both question types lure you away from the resume review template. Behavioral questions call for you to tell a story about something you’ve done, or a time you’ve faced a particular challenge. Telltale signs of a behavioral question:â€Å"Tell me about a time you†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬Å"Describe a situation where you did†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬Å"Give me an example of†¦Ã¢â‚¬ These all boil down to a very simple ask: â€Å"Tell me a story.† The Interview Guys recommend breaking each one down using the STAR method:What is the (brief) context for the story you’re about to tell? (the s ituation)What task did you need to complete, and what were the challenges/constraints?What did you do? (What action did you take?)What were the results? Be as specific as possible, and pull out any quantifiable results (sales, statistics, etc.) if available.Behavioral questions are ones that you can kind of anticipate ahead of time. If you come up with a few ready anecdotes for each of the skills you want to emphasize/the skills on your resume, you can shine those up ahead of time and get ready to pull them out at the right time.Situational questions are a little different. Instead of a story about how you did something, these questions want you to talk about how you would do something. Hallmarks of a situational interview question:â€Å"How would you handle†¦?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"What would you do if†¦?â€Å"What would happen if†¦?†Ã¢â‚¬Å"Here’s a hypothetical situation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Hypothetical is the key word here, whether it’s explicitly mentioned o r not. Situational interview questions are almost always structured as scenario + â€Å"what would you do?† The interviewer isn’t necessarily interested in how you’ve handled things in the past, although your experience can certainly be used to inform your answer to this hypothetical question. Really, it’s a test of your critical thinking skills, and showing the interviewer that you can hear a situation that you may or may not have ever faced before, think fast, and come up with a satisfying solution. It also gives insight into your thought processes.How to Answer Situational Interview QuestionsThe first strategy for answering questions like these is to remember that it’s not a trick question. It’s not a gotcha. The interviewer didn’t wake up this morning and think, â€Å"I’m gonna mess with that dude’s interview just to throw him off his game.† It’s not a personal question, it’s a professional one- so before you answer, it’s important to take a deep breath and think logically.More often than not, the answer is going to be the one that lines up most with common sense. Think of it as a kind of role playing, except the role is your best professional self, not someone else.Your plan of attack for situational interview questions should be to follow these guidelines:Be a good listener. Make sure you understand what you’re being asked. If you want to clarify any points, ask a question or two. (This has an added bonus of giving you more time to chew over the question.)Be honest. Interviewers know when you’re only saying something because you know they want to hear it. None of us is as subtle or slick as we think we are.Be brief. This story doesn’t need additional characters, or big embellishments. Make sure you get right to the point.Be clear about actions you would take, and why.Be specific. Always tailor your answer to the job description and the skills t hat would be required.What NOT to Do and SayDon’t wing it. You may decide that since you can’t anticipate the specific question, you should go into it cold and let your instincts be your guide. Unless you have a small cricket friend accompanying you to the interview and whispering guidance, this is not a great plan. You can still practice common situational questions, and work on connecting your own experiences to them.Don’t ramble. â€Å"†¦So anyway, what was I saying before I went off on that tangent? Oh, right, how I’d organize a project. Organization is so important†¦umm†¦sorry, lost my train of thought.† Staying focused is key. You want to get in, answer the question, and get out. There are no bonus points for a novella-length answer.Don’t give a generic answer. You want to give specifics whenever possible. Maybe that’s saying, â€Å"I actually faced something similar, and I did X. Given the chance again, this is what I’d do differently.† Maybe it’s saying, â€Å"I know Job Corp values efficiency, so here’s how I’d improve that process.† Either way, you want the interviewer to know that you’re not answering questions in the void, you’re being thoughtful and describing how you would react in this particular job.Common Situational QuestionsNow that we’ve gone through some of the theory behind situational interview questions, let’s look at some common ones that you can use to frame your interview prep.Q: Say you’re leading a team on a project that has a very strict deadline. It’s looking like you may miss that deadline. How do you handle that?A: In a case like this, where the deadline might not be negotiable, I’d make sure there was a Plan B option in place, and make sure that communication is strong throughout the group to make sure everyone knows what that Plan B is if things don’t go according to plan. This is similar to a situation I faced in my current job, where a server failure meant that we wouldn’t be able to finalize a process on time. We ended up having to use a manual workaround to get the data in, and it took some epic overtime, but in the end we just made it. When a deadline is in jeopardy, you do what you need to do. Q: You and your boss don’t get along, and you find that your everyday tasks are not getting done because of this ongoing conflict. How would you handle that?A: In my experience, resolving conflicts before they blow up is one of the most important professional skills to have. I know how important it is to work with people of all different kinds of perspectives, so I’d try talking to my boss about our priorities, and about the best way to achieve them. I’d make sure to stay very neutral and professional, and try to open up a dialogue.Q: You get an email from an angry client complaining about service. What would you do to de fuse the situation?A: First, I’d make sure I understand why the client is upset, and what the root cause of the problem is. If I need to do more digging, I’d be very apologetic and let him or her know that I am looking into the issue, and will keep him or her posted. I’d be very careful to keep that line of communication open, so that even if I can’t fix the problem right away, the client knows that I’m working on it and that this is a priority for me and the company.See? There’s no magic to answering these. You just want to make sure that you have a clear answer that makes sense, and aligns with the brand you’re trying to convey in the interview. And although you can never tell exactly which (if any) situational questions you’ll get, you can start thinking ahead of time about what skills and priorities you want to emphasize in the interview.You got this- happy hypothetical-ing!

Friday, February 21, 2020

Education as a Primary Defender of Human Rights Essay - 1

Education as a Primary Defender of Human Rights - Essay Example Not every child receives an education, not every woman receives the same rights as her male counterparts, and the voice of the poor remains unheard. A black, lower-class woman, for instance, has less chances of getting her opinions across than a while male belonging to the upper crust of the society, whose voice yields the power to influence society’s major institutions. The Magna Carta of 1215, the most important legal documents to date, set the initial foundations of human rights in the society. One of its key principles stated, "No freeman shall be taken, imprisoned, disseised, outlawed, banished, or in any way destroyed, nor will We proceed against or prosecute him, except by the lawful judgment of his peers and by the law of the land. To no one will We sell, to no one will We deny or delay, right or justice" (The Magna Carta). This centuries old charter was the first legitimate document passed to protect the rights of the people. It evolved over time to form the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which the United Nations passed in 1948. This was, in effect, the turning point for the human rights campaign; indeed, issues of race, social class, and gender inequality would still traumatize society today were it not for the Declaration. The concept of human rights works very well in theory; it is easy to advocate equality for all in text. Reality, however, is an entirely different story. There are still a considerable percentage of men, women, and children who are marginalized and discriminated within the society for one reason or the other. It is precisely for them that human rights defenders function. As the term suggests, human rights defenders are individuals who advocate the provision of human rights to all; they are endorsers of the victimized, and aim to champion the rights of all humans. However, the term ‘human rights defenders is not just restricted to human beings. Instead, it encompasses anything and everything that

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Prostate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Prostate - Essay Example Benign prostatic hypertrophy is a nonmalignant growth of the prostate that is generated by overgrowth of the fibromuscular and epithelium flesh of the peri-urethral zone and the transition area. This illness is common in men aged fifty years and above. Its clinical presentation includes obstruction of urine flow, urethra compression, frequent urination, not being able to start urinating and leaking and urgency or dribbling (Zhou, Netto & Epstein, 2012). In regard to diagnostic testing, microscopic hematuria initial evaluation is done on a patient, the presence of palpable induration or nodularity of the prostate on digital rectal assessment reveals the condition. Prostate cancer does not cause any signs at all and can present at any level of the illness. In most cases, the cancer occurs in the prostate gland periphery and the signs arise when they have developed to compress the urethra or attack the sphincter. The prostate cancer presents in urinary tract obstruction (LUTS) symptoms. The LUTS is in three distinct groups associated with the post-micturition symptoms, storage of urine and voiding (Tewari, 2013). In regard to diagnostic testing, prostate cancer is diagnosed using imaging techniques such as MRI to detect tumors that are clinically significant. The treatment of prostatitis is difficult because of the presence of inhibited penetration of most antibiotics across prostatic epithelium and through the non-fenestrated prostatic capillaries to the infected fluids and tissues. The patient must be advised that the preferred drug is fluoroquinolone because of its quality of good penetration through the prostate. The time of antibiotic therapy is usually 2-4 weeks, and that depends on the severe nature of the illness. The patient is then reviewed for clinical symptoms and signs (Koda-Kimble & Alldredge, 2013). When patients suffer from mild symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy there no need for alarm but they should be

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

The Role of Technology In HSBC

The Role of Technology In HSBC HSBC is known as one of the largest financial and banking services industries in the global background. Background HSBC know largest industries in the global financial and banking services as a. The company is headquartered in London and has an international networks which composes of over 10, 000 offices in more than 82 states and territories within Asia-Pacific Region, Europe, United States of America, Africa and Middle East. HSBC Holdings Plc are regarded to have around 200,000 shareholders in over 100 nations as noted in listings in countries like New York, Bermuda, Paris and Hong Kong. HSBC Holdings Plc, the company is located in east London and an international network which composes the mid 10, 000 offices and more than 82 African states and regions within Asia Pacific region, Europe, United States of America are , counting the 100 countries around 200,000 shareholders in countries such as New York as mentioned in the listing, Bermuda, Paris and Hong Kong. Because of the globa l network connects by the implementation of advances technology like the internet and information communication technology, the company has been able to provide an intensive range and reach of financial services which includes commercial banking, investment banking and market personal financial services, and other banking and financial products and services. The business philosophy of HSBC gives important to values and principles in all aspects of everyday living. Because of the global network communications and information technology like the Internet by following links to technology development, corporate and other, has been to provide services worth an extensive range financial and personal financial services to reach including commercial banking, investment banking and markets, banks and financial products and services. HSBCs business philosophy in all aspects of everyday life and gives the principles of values is necessary. INTRODUCTION OF HSBC: HSBC Introduction: HSBC is one of the largest banking groups in the world today. HSBC todays worlds biggest banking group is one. It has been ranked fifth largest company in Forbes Global 2000 and the third largest banking company as well. Forbes Global, the company in 2000 was ranked fifth largest and third largest banking company as. HSBC head office is located in the HSBC Tower in Londons Canary Wharf. HSBCs head office tower in Canary wharf London, HSBC is located. The HSBC group is named after its founding member, the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, a bank established by, a Scot, to finance British trade in the Far East in 1865. Member HSBC Group is named after its founder, Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, a bank founded by a Scot, in the 1865 Far East Finance business in the UK. HSBC has about 10,000 offices worldwide with 232,000 employees in 76 countries and territories. HSBC regions and 76 countries with 232,000 employees worldwide with about 10,000 offices. With its 110 million customers worldwide, a total of 16.5 million are e-based. 110 million from its worldwide customers, a total of 16.5 million is based on E. HSBC has really proven that it is The worlds local bank. HSBC has proved that it really the worlds local bank. The bank is the second largest corporation in the world in terms of assets. Bank assets in the world of words is the second largest corporation. It reports its results in US Dollars since 80% of its earnings come from outside the UK. This revenue comes from outside the UK in the U.S. results reported 80% of the dollar. Nearly 22% of its earnings comes from operations in Hong Kong. Before moving the headquarters to London in1991, it was headquartered in Hong Kong. Approximately 22% of the revenue operations in London, Hong Kong Kong headquarters before arrival. in1991, was located in Hong. Has the organization restructured recently? Recently reorganized company? If yes, why? 1) If yes, why? If no, why not? 2) If not, why not? What have been the consequences? 3) What results have been? Would most complex, large organizations have several functional grouping approaches? Does this matter? 4) is the most complex, large organizations view is planning several work groups? What? HSBC is a public limited company incorporated in England and Wales. HSBC Wales, a public limited company incorporated in England. Headquartered in London, the HSBC group operates in five regions: Europe; Hong Kong; the rest of Asia Pacific; including the Middle East and Africa; North America; and South America. Located in London, HSBC in five working groups in the region: Europe, Hong Kong, the rest of Asia Pacific, Africa and the Middle East including, North America and South America. The entities in which form the HSBC Group provide a comprehensive range of financial services to personal, commercial, corporate, institutional and investment, and private banking client. To more easily promote the Group as a whole, HSBC launched a campaign to differentiate its brand from those of its competitors by describing the unique characteristics which distinguish HSBC, summarized by the words The worlds local bank. A wide range of financial services for private corporation, as, commercial group s and investment institutions, and private banking clients. Promoting more easily provided in the institutions which form HSBC Group, HSBC brand difference between the start of the campaign for HSBC prominent features unique compared to those defined by, Proceedings of the words from The worlds local bank. Through the years since 2004, HSBC has gone through a lot of changes. Years since 2004, HSBC has gone a lot of changes. In 2004, the Bank of Bermuda joined the Group and minority stakes were acquired in Indias UTI Bank and Chinas Bank of Communications Ltd. In the UK, HSBC bought the retail financial services arm of the Marks and Spencer Group. In 2004, Bank of Bermuda joined the group and a minority stake in UTI Bank was acquired by India and China Bank of Communications UK Limited, HSBC group brought signs and Spencer retail financial services arm. The HSBC brand was adopted by its Mexican subsidiary, GF Bital, early in the year and in September the majority of the banks North American businesses, including Household International, were united under the name HSBC North America. HSBC North American brand business September of the majority of banks was adopted by Mexico, equipment and years GF, Bital skin, including Household International was the United Nations under the name HSBC N orth America. ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY HSBC: HSBC role of technology: Modern information technology (IT) is understood to be the result of a meeting between modern digital computing and communication technologies. Modern information technology (IT) and computing the modern digital communication technologies between the outcome of this meeting is to be understood. The significance of IT is as the core of an Information System which consists of a series of interactions between people, data, hardware and software, organizations and their social environment. The importance of this , is a foundation of information system which the social environment and their organization consisting of a series of conversations between people, data, hardware and software. Information and its connected technologies are now so vital to business success that information is regularly regarded as an independent issue of invention on a same level with capital, land and labor. Information and technology vital to business success now that information with the investors and workers, the level of invention on a routine matter as an independent count. In the twenty-first century every business manager must understand the role which information technology plays, not only in their organization but also in the wider society, within which their organization must compete. Competition, the twenty first century will be all business on their organization and understand the manager role should not information technology plays in society is widespread, organized them. A full understanding of information technology is impossible without considering its communication with the social world in which it has developed. A complete understanding of information technology has developed the world it is impossible without considering the social communication with him. Computer professionals who are ignorant of the social, political, and economic political aspect of their work are fated to be the put up of decision-makers who are. Computer professionals who work with them are ignorant, political, economic and political factor is social tolerance are lucky by which decision makers. In the real world a frequent cause of the failure of IT projects is an overlook of the human (including managerial and organizational) factors at work. No business or computing professional can, therefore, ignore the softer elements in Information Systems, which paradoxically, often prove the hardest to get right! Failure in the real world because of her projects is a continuous work in an organization), including the management of human factors and pass, any business or computing system, therefore, ignored information about business, can elements in Medium which, unlike, most of the right to prove the most difficult to achieve! THE COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT: computing environment: Linking together definitions of information and technology from the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, information technology means the systematic study of the industrial arts relating to the communication of instructive knowledge. Adding information with praise and English Dictionary Oxford technology from small, information knowledge of technology communication education means related art industrial training conducted. This definition includes studying printing, or, for that matter, smoke signals. Included in this definition, studied printing or, for that matter, smoke signals. However the general usage today, is more like the definition employed by (1988,) the application of computers and telecommunications to the collection, processing, storage, and dissemination of voice, graphics, text, and numerical information. However, general use today, storage is much appreciated by this work (1988, applied for) of telecommunications and computer storage, processing, and dissemination of s ound,, text, graphics, and numerical information . One famous development in recent years has been the convergence of communications and computer technology, with both becoming intensive users of data embodied in binary digital form and processed by microprocessors on silicon chips. Popular in recent years on developing a silicon processed by microprocessors and chips is in binary form with digital technology, computer and communications convergence was embodied both figures to be intense users. Therefore IT is normally used in the broad modern sense to encompass both computing and telecommunications technologies. In some books, IT is used more narrowly to refer principally to computing and ICTs to refer to information and communication technologies more generally. So this is the sense commonly used in modern comprehensive coverage of both computing and telecommunications technologies. Some books, usually it is used more narrowly refer technology and communications and for basic computing and information refer to the ICTs. If we consider the industrial and commercial implications of the employment of the new information technologies then we must take on board that the computer is a general purpose machine which mechanizes human brain-powered operations just as the Industrial Revolution mechanized human and animal muscle-powered operations . If we then consider the implications of new information technology jobs industrial trade and we must take on board power operation is a general purpose computer machine machine revolution muscular man and animals mechanizes the human brain only industrial strength operation. The impact of such a broadly applicable technology is inevitably widespread and far-reaching. Broadly applicable technology and its effect on reaching such a broad and excesses, yet. Computers have become a pervasive technology applied in all sectors of life, including industry, commerce, government, education and leisure activities. Computers have become leisure activities, and education, trad e, expanded a government, technology apply to all areas of life, including industry. For businesses, information technology is only a means to an end which is the use of knowledge to make and implement commercial decisions. For business, information technology, only a means to an end which is used in the decision to apply knowledge and trade. Efficient organizations require established systems to enable them to make the best possible decisions in the situations they are likely to meet. Organizations need to establish efficient and meet the systems potential to make the best decision possible situations are worthy of them. Thus an organizational information system should collect data, analyze, and present this as useful information that can be retrieved as the basis of expert knowledge at the point of decision. Thus, an organization information system should sum data analysis, and present it as a benefit that information can then decide based on expert knowledge. Once decisions are made they must be passed on to those who implement them, carried out, and the success or failure of the operation monitored. Decisions are carried by them for what they passed on, and success or failure of the surveillance operation outside a bar. Increasingly decisions can be automatically implemented using the technology, thus enabling organizational objectives to be achieved with maximum efficiency. Increase can be determined using techniques applied automatically, thus enabling organizational objectives with maximum efficiency can be achieved. DAY TO DAY BUSINESS: Business Day Day: Achieving Competitive Advantage to gain competitive Four alternative strategies for achieving competitive advantage: doing it better, marketing it better, doing it differently and making yourself indispensable. Better marketing, better four alternative strategies to achieve competitive advantage for doing, (it, are different and need to make yourself. Doing it better. First, the customer may be brought to think that your firm is doing the same thing better in some way than others either the product or service is better than others, or it is as good as others and produced more cheaply, or perhaps it is delivered more conveniently to the consumer. To do it better than before. , Customers may take more than cheap products that your firm is better at talking about what others some way either service or product is better than others or that, is as good as others, Or maybe it was more for the convenience of users is. The obvious way to do this is to deliver a better, cheaper or more convenient product. A higher specification product (eg a more durable one) can be produced to higher quality standards (eg fewer defective goods sold), with better production methods or cheaper sources of supply than competitors can find. Clear that the way to deliver more products feature a better, or cheaper.) A durable high specification products (eg goods at a cheap multiple, for example) can be produced (sold cheaper or higher quality standards, better production methods with more than competing sources of supply can find. The same product or service can be delivered to the door of consumers on demand rather than forcing them to wait for or collect the product. the product or products and services together to force them to wait to but the door may be asked to deliver users. Thus more sales and / or greater profits can be achieved. thus more sales and / or can benefit from. Marketing it better. On a suspicious note it must be sharp out that an other is to prove to your customers that they are getting some or all of these advantages without necessarily delivering them. Note that better marketing should be a quick one out of another dilemma that required them to prove the benefits without doing it all, or that your customer. A large sales or marketing effort may, to a degree, be a alternate for lead in the actual product. In the long term, though, it is probable that consumers in most markets cannot be fooled indefinitely. A big, try a degree in marketing or sales can, in fact led to product an alternative indefinitely long. In the term, though, is a fools also possible that users can not market the most. But, in any case, it must be said that many excellent products have failed to sell because the consumers did not know about them. But, no matter, they should be said about that many users did not know that the best selling product due to failed. In many cases effective brand management of a good product or service can effectively create a demand for, say, Coca-Cola which is different from the demand for soft drinks. In many cases very effective product or service brand management for a soft drink can effectively create a demand for, say, Coca application is different from the cola. Producers can create a sort of monopoly by establishing a difference between their version of the product and other versions. Manufacturers of other products and prescription versions of the difference between them established by a kind of monopoly can be. Doing it differently. An other strategy to achieve competitive advantage is to innovate, as we touched upon under the heading of intellectual property. Different from doing so. Another strategy to achieve competitive advantage to innovate, as we are touched upon the intellectual property under. If your product really is different in kind to the competition then a substantial competitive advantage may well result. If your product is different and in fact, how much competition competitive advantage may well result. Your new product will certainly be protected from competition by a time-lag before your competitors can invest in the necessary plant or skilled personnel to produce the new product. Will your new product to compete with a lag time necessary to secure required before products can your competitors or efficient investment in new staff ready to plant. You will probably generate a marketing advantage through being first in the field including free publicity in the media and per haps identification of the product with your brand name. You may benefit by creating a marketing area is being the first including the independent media and media in the name of their products with brand identity might. Additional protection may be available under patent law, design right and copyright. Additional security can be copyrighted and available right under design patent law. Making yourself indispensable. A more delicate strategy is to attempt to engineer a situation in which your service or product is taken for granted. Must make your own. A more delicate strategy is taken for granted is to engineer products or service status for what you. The customer does not stop to make comparisons but automatically re-orders your product or service. Customer service or product comparisons do not stop automatically re-order your. An example might be book or record clubs automatically delivering the current choice of the month. For example, maybe a month book club or record supply current selection automatically. At one stage IBM were happy to accept the myth that no one ever got fired for buying IBM. Corporate clients employees were trained in IBM technology, their managers were offered upgrades on existing equipment on favourable terms, and the effort required to move out of an assumption that the next generation of equipment would also come from the Big Blue was c onsiderable. An IBM platform for buying IBM was happy to accept the analogy is true that nobody ever got fired needs. Corporate clients employees were trained to IBM technology, according to upgrade their existing equipment manager had been offered terms, and was enough Blue moved to think that a big next generation equipment is coming too. SOCIAL ASPECT: social aspects: HSBC is being affected by the situation of the society in which they are operating. Along with this, HSBC tries harder to make sure that each society is given equal chances to take advantage of the resources given by the organisation. Work that is being affected social situation, with the HSBC HSBC tries hard to ensure that the organization provide to take advantage of every resource for society is given equal chances. The company hold fast to having good reputation and relations in the society that they belong. They hold fast to the companys good reputation and relationship that society. As you approach retirement you have hopefully created a retirement plan sufficient to maintain your lifestyle. Alternatively, you might look to start easing your way into retirement by working part time. As you near retirement, your life you hope to maintain adequate to create a retirement plan. Alternatively, you from working part time retirement easy way to start your can see. Your pension will pr obably be your main priority. Its important to think about whether it will be enough to provide income for a comfortable retirement at your desired retirement age. Your pension retirement age is perhaps his main desire. You prefer for a comfortable retirement, provided that income will be important enough to think about it. TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECT: Technical aspects: The appearance of information technology and internet affects how HSBC has been operating in the past years. Information Technology appearance and how the Internet affects HSBC has been operating in the past year. The company adopts different IT / IS systems and used internet to reach their customer all over the world and to know the latest trends in the global business. Different control company T / systems and Internet access in the world to reach their customers and businesses worldwide know the latest trends. Aside from these, the company also uses facilities which helps them improved their productions and operations.

Sunday, January 19, 2020

Allegorizations of the Active and Contemplative Lives in Philo, Origen,

Allegorizations of the Active and Contemplative Lives in Philo, Origen, Augustine, and Gregory This paper examines the allegorical interpretations given to several Scriptural pairs as they relate to the idea of the active and contemplative lives in Philo, Origen, Augustine, and Gregory. As will be shown, Augustine combines elements found in the two previous writers to form his allegory of the two wives of Jacob as representative of the active and contemplative lives. In Philo, most of the essential elements of later Christian thought on the active and contemplative lives are already present. The superiority of the contemplative life is given at the beginning of his treatise on it: "I have discussed the Essenes, who persistently pursued the active life and excelled in all or, to put it more moderately, in most of its departments. I will now proceed at once in accordance with the sequence required by the subject to say what is needed about those who embraced the life of contemplation" (De Vita Cont. 1 [471]). The idea that the contemplative life follows upon the active is also present here, and is elaborated elsewhere: "... infants have one place and full grown men another. The one is named ascetic training and the other is called wisdom... For what life is better than a contemplative life, or more appropriate to a rational being?" (De Migr. Abr. 9 [443]). Both the active and contemplative lives are virtuous, but the contemplative is the more matur e and fuller expression of the life of wisdom; it should, however, only be practiced once the former has been used as a training ground. Philo allegorizes Leah and Rachel in several related ways in his works (cf. Sly, 163-74). At one point he identifies Rachel with bodily beauty, ... ... moves away. She loves to contemplate her lovely eyes; I love to use my hands to adorn myself: her joy is in reflection, mine in act." (Purgatorio xxvii, 101-08, [Musa trans.]) What has been called "the breadth of [Augustine's] vision and the lyrical exaltation of his language" (Mason, 45) has cast a long shadow indeed. Works Cited * Butler, D. C. Western Mysticism: The Teaching of Augustine, Gregory and Bernard on Contemplation and the Contemplative Life. 2nd ed. New York: Harper & Row, 1966. * Mason, M. E. Active Life and Contemplative Life: A Study of the Concepts from Plato to the Present. Milwaukee: Marquette University Press, 1961. * Runia, D. T. Philo in Early Christian Literature: A Survey. Assen: Van Gorcum/Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993. * Sly, D. Philo's Perception of Women. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1990.